Clinical NeuroscienceA portable experimental apparatus for human olfactory fMRI experiments

•We developed a new inexpensive, non-voluminous portable olfactometer adapted for human fMRI experiments.•The system adjusts odorant stimulus presentation to human nasal respiration.•PID, psychophysical and fMRI measurements showed that the system can be used to achieve reliable odor percepts by human subjects.

Human olfactory perception can be measured using psychophysical tools or more complex odor generating devices systems, namely olfactometers. The present paper is aimed at presenting a new inexpensive, non-voluminous portable olfactometer adapted for human fMRI experiments. The system adjusts odorant stimulus presentation to human nasal respiration and records behavioral responses in the same experimental device. Validation by psychophysical measures and photo-ionization detection showed a linear increase in both odor intensity perception and vapor concentration as a function of odorant concentration. Further validation by brain imaging revealed neural activation in typical olfactory areas. In summary, the system represents a new low-cost, easy-use, easy-maintenance portable olfactometry tool for brain imaging, opening up new possibilities for investigating neural response to odors using event-related fMRI designs.