Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6286546 | Progress in Neurobiology | 2013 | 20 Pages |
Abstract
Situated between the circulation and the brain, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from circulating toxins while securing a specialized environment for neuro-glial signaling. BBB capillary endothelial cells exhibit low transcytotic activity and a tight, junctional network that, aided by the cytoskeleton, restricts paracellular permeability. The latter is subject of extensive research as it relates to neuropathology, edema and inflammation. A key determinant in regulating paracellular permeability is the endothelial cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) that affects junctional and cytoskeletal proteins. Ca2+ signals are not one-time events restricted to a single cell but often appear as oscillatory [Ca2+]i changes that may propagate between cells as intercellular Ca2+ waves. The effect of Ca2+ oscillations/waves on BBB function is largely unknown and we here review current evidence on how [Ca2+]i dynamics influence BBB permeability.
Keywords
MMPSTIMInsP3InsP3RVASPMLCKMLCMDCKPLA2CRACICAM1NMDA-RBCECPKCPLCGPCRCaMKIITrpNOScGMPCa2+/Calmodulin-dependent kinase IIG-protein coupled receptorinositol 1,4,5-trisphosphateMAPKNFκBROSphospholipase A2NADPH oxidasebradykininParCa2+ dynamicsmyosin light chainmyosin light chain kinaseCAMBlood–brain barrierBBBendoplasmic reticulumzonula occludensVascular endothelial growth factorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)nuclear factor κBphospholipase CVasodilator-stimulated phosphoproteinArcmatrix-metalloproteinasestromal interaction moleculeIntercellular adhesion molecule 1cyclic guanosine monophosphateEndothelial permeabilitynitric oxide synthasenicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidasetransient receptor potentialProtein kinase Cmitogen-activated protein kinaseCalmodulinconnexinReactive oxygen speciesInositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptorprotease-activated receptor
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Authors
Marijke De Bock, Nan Wang, Elke Decrock, Mélissa Bol, Ashish K. Gadicherla, Maxime Culot, Romeo Cecchelli, Geert Bultynck, Luc Leybaert,