Significant cooling effect on the surface due to soot particles over Brahmaputra River Valley region, India: An impact on regional climate

Figure: The monthly mean radiative forcing (RF) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) due to BC aerosols for clear skies over Guwahati, northeast region of India from 1st July 2013 to 30th June 2014. The RFs values at TOA are varying between + 7.2 and + 13.5 Wm− 2 with annual mean (+ 9.5 Wm− 2), however, at surface (SFC), the RFs values are − 15.9 to − 30.3 Wm− 2 with mean (− 21.1 Wm− 2), which indicate the net warming and cooling effects respectively. The Atmosphere radiative forcing (ARF) due to BC was + 30.16 Wm− 2 indicates warming effect to the atmosphere over Guwahati.307