Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6352419 | Environmental Research | 2015 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
Although the determinants of urine osmolality were generally similar to those of urine creatinine, the relative influence of socio-demographic and medical conditions was less on urine osmolality than on urine creatinine. Protocols for spot urine sample collection could recommend avoiding excessive and insufficient water intake before urine sampling to improve urine adequacy. The feasibility of adopting urine osmolality adjustment and water intake recommendations before providing spot urine samples for environmental biomonitoring merits further investigation.
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Authors
Hung-Chieh Yeh, Yu-Sheng Lin, Chin-Chi Kuo, Darcy Weidemann, Virginia Weaver, Jeffrey Fadrowski, Alicia Neu, Ana Navas-Acien,