Integrated product removal of slightly water-soluble carboxylates from fermentation by electrochemically induced crystallization

Proof-of-principle experiments show that EIC effectively decreases concentrations of several carboxylic acids in aqueous systems. Fermentation experiments with Pseudomonas putida S12 indicated that integration of EIC with bio-based processes should be in an external loop with indirect contact to avoid a decrease in biomass activity and fouling of biomass inside the ED module. The implementation study demonstrates that high product removal rates can be maintained by regenerating the ED module using an auxiliary phase.