Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6362780 | Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2010 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
The Helsinki Commission (HELCOM) Baltic Sea Action Plan, adopted by the coastal countries of the Baltic Sea and the European Community in November 2007, is a regional intergovernmental programme of measures for the protection and management of the marine environment explicitly based on the Ecosystem Approach. The Action Plan is structured around a set of Ecological Objectives used to define indicators and targets, including effect-based nutrient input ceilings, and to monitor implementation. The Action Plan strongly links Baltic marine environmental concerns to important socio-economic fields such as agriculture and fisheries and promotes cross-sectoral tools including marine spatial planning. Due to complementarities with the European Union (EU) Marine Strategy Framework Directive, the Action Plan is in essence a pilot for this process without neglecting the important role of the Russian Federation - the only Baltic coastal country not a member of the EU.
Keywords
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Earth and Planetary Sciences
Oceanography
Authors
Hermanni Backer, Juha-Markku Leppänen, Anne Christine Brusendorff, Kaj Forsius, Monika Stankiewicz, Jukka Mehtonen, Minna Pyhälä, Maria Laamanen, Hanna Paulomäki, Nikolay Vlasov, Tarja Haaranen,