Episodic events imposed on the seasonal nutrient dynamics of an upwelling system off northeastern Taiwan

•This upwelling system is a traditional high fishery yield region and close by the Senkaku Islands.•Little information is available on its seasonal dynamics and biogeochemical processes.•Comprehensive data to reveal seasonal dynamics (e.g., intensity and frequency) of the upwelling•To evaluate the seasonal inputs of dissolved inorganic nutrient from the upwelling•To justify the contribution and input of nutrient from aerosol deposition into this upwelling

An upwelling center has been frequently observed on the shelf break of the East China Sea (ECS) off northeastern Taiwan, where the Kuroshio encounters an abrupt shoaling topography. The region is also located under the track of Asian dust (AD) storms and frequently disturbed by typhoons. To examine the seasonal nutrient dynamics of the upwelling and the potential impacts of these episodic events, transect stations across the upwelling center were visited at intervals of 1-3 months from November 2003 to January 2005. The results of the water temperature profiles indicated that the upwelling persisted throughout the year with the most intensified events occurring in winter. Seasonally, a higher nitrate concentration was observed during the stronger upwelling period. The highest nitrate value was however observed during an AD storm, with an average value of 8.3 μM for the top 30 m. Interestingly, the N/P ratio was larger than 16 during these episodic events, and the N/P ratios were equal to or smaller than 16 during other periods. On average, the estimated values from wet deposition constituted 17.3% of the total estimated nitrogen input. This suggests that atmospheric deposition, particularly during the episodic events, might be an important external nutrient source.