Effect of copolymer type and composition on separation characteristics of pervaporation membranes—A case study with separation of acetone–water mixtures

Five different copolymer membranes, i.e. copolymer of acrylonitrile with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PANHEMA), vinyl acetate (PANVAC) and methyl methacrylate (PANMMA) and styrene with vinyl acetate PSTYVAC) and methyl methacrylate (PSTYMMA) were synthesized, each with two different copolymer compositions (i.e. PANHEMA-1, PANHEMA-2, etc.). The copolymer membranes were synthesized on the basis of their relative solubility parameters with respect to acetone and hydrophilicity with respect to water. These membranes were used for pervaporative dehydration of acetone over the entire concentration range of 0–100 wt% water as well as acetone separation over 0–44 wt% acetone in feed. The acrylonitrile copolymers showed water selectivity with maximum water flux and selectivity for PANHEMA-2 copolymer (29.3 g/(m2 h), 16.73, respectively, for 2.5 wt% water in feed) while the styrene copolymers showed maximum acetone selectivity with reasonable acetone flux for PSTYMMA-1 copolymer (7.12 g/(m2 h), 12.61, respectively, for 1.6 wt% acetone in feed) membrane. The influence of one permeant on permeation of the other permeant was also studied in terms of permeation factor.