Catalytic decarboxylation of non-edible oils over three-dimensional, mesoporous silica-supported Pd

•Pd was supported on three-dimensional mesoporous silicas, SBA-12 and SBA-16.•The supported Pd catalyzed the deoxygenation of non-edible oils into hydrocarbons.•Pd/SBA-16 showed higher catalytic activity than Pd/SBA-12.•Surface hydrophobicity and the size of Pd influence catalytic performance.

Deoxygenation of fatty acids (oleic and stearic acids) and non-edible oil (jatropha oil) over Pd(1–5 wt%) supported on two structurally different, three-dimensional, mesoporous silica (SBA-12 and SBA-16) catalysts was investigated. Pd/SBA-16 (cubic mesoporous structure with space group Im  3¯m) showed higher catalytic activity than Pd/SBA-12 (hexagonal mesoporous structure with space group p63/mmc). The influence of reaction parameters like temperature, H2 pressure and Pd content as well as the nature of the feedstock on catalytic activity and product selectivity was studied. A temperature of above 320 °C, reaction time of 5 h and Pd content (on silica surface) of 3 wt% enabled complete conversion of the fatty compounds into diesel-range hydrocarbons. Deoxygenation proceeded through hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation mechanisms when a saturated (stearic) acid was used as a feed while it advanced mainly through decarboxylation route when an unsaturated (oleic) acid was employed. Higher surface hydrophobicity and smaller size particles of Pd are the possible causes for the superior catalytic activity of Pd/SBA-16.

Graphical abstractPd supported on SBA-12 and SBA-16 exhibited efficient catalytic activity for the conversion of fatty acids and non-edible oils into diesel-range hydrocarbons.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (124 K)Download as PowerPoint slide