High performance hollow carbon@SnO2@graphene composite based on internal-external double protection strategy for lithium ion battery

•Hollow carbon@SnO2@graphene composite was fabricated based on internal-external double protection strategy.•Hollow carbon@SnO2@graphene composite exhibited stable and high capacity of 1015 mAh g−1 over 600 cycles at 500 mA g−1.•The ∼45 nm thick active SnO2 uniformly existed between ∼20 nm thick carbon layer and graphene layer.

Hollow carbon@SnO2@graphene composite was fabricated by hard template method combined with layer by layer self assembly modification method based on internal-external double protection strategy. The ∼45 nm thick active SnO2 existed uniformly between the ∼20 nm thick carbon layer and graphene layer to form a three-dimensional porous composite structure. The prepared composite electrode exhibited stable and high capacity of 1015 mAh g−1 over 600 cycles at 500 mA g−1.

Graphical abstractHollow carbon@SnO2@graphene composite exhibited stable and high capacity of 1015 mAh g−1 over 600 cycles at 500 mA g−1.Download high-res image (204KB)Download full-size image