A novel immunosensor based on fullerene C60 for electrochemical analysis of heat shock protein 70

This study illustrates the development of the biosensor for the determination of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). For this purpose, firstly the biosensor based on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with fullerene C60. The anti-HSP70 was bound on fullerene C60 layer by using the EDC/NHS couple. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods were applied to characterize the immobilization of anti-HSP70 process and to determine the HSP70. In order to clarify the binding characterization of HSP70 and anti-HSP70, a single frequency impedance method was utilized, whereas the scanning electron microscopy was used to identify the surface morphology and Kramers-Kronig transform was implemented on impedance data. The biosensor exhibited good repeatability and reproducibility. The linear detection range of the developed biosensor was of 0.8 pg-12.8 pg/mL. Real human blood serum samples were analyzed by the biosensor and the results were also validated by using a reference method based on ELISA.