Simulation of a fully submerged bubble bursting through a free surface

Boundary element method has been used to simulate the fluid motion generated by a bubble near the free surface. When its internal pressure is high relative to the ambient pressure and submergence is relatively small, the bubble will burst through the free surface. A numerical model has been introduced for such a process. A methodology has been developed to deal with the sharp corner formed when the bubble surface merges with the free surface after it breaks up. Detailed simulations are made to include the initial motion and migration of the bubble, its bursting through the free surface, rising of the free surface in the form of a long and thin jet with a much higher second peak. Discussions of physics for these observations have been given. The effects of various physical parameters such as, the ratio of internal pressure to ambient pressure, the ratio of the submergence of the bubble to its initial radius and Froude number are investigated.