Shock propagation along a two-layer interface in confined geometry

The paper presents direct numerical simulations of the propagation of a strong planar shock wave along a two-layer interface confined between two walls. Transient stage and steady state of the propagation are described. In the steady state regime, a stationary irregular refraction of the shock and a vorticity sheet are characterized. Physics of the stationary irregular refraction state is explained. Shock velocity is studied. Quantities are shown to verify a set of generalized Rankine–Hugoniot relations. The unknown coupling mechanism between shear layer and pressure step is predicted by a neural network which leads to a predictive, gray-box type model.