Validation of pedestrian throw equations by video footage of real life pedestrian/vehicle collisions

A total of 11 real life vehicle/pedestrian collisions in 2012-2014 were captured by CCTV cameras/car cameras in Hong Kong. Some of the footage was recorded in HD format at 30 frames per second, enabling accurate determinations of impact speeds with pedestrians, exact points of impacts and final rest positions of pedestrians as well as kinematics of the collisions. The calculated impact speeds from footage analysis were used to validate the published empirical and semi-empirical pedestrian throw equations. The applicability of these equations to collisions on sloped carriageways was discussed. The presented results, including 6 forward projection trajectory cases, enrich the existing limited real life data from footage analysis for further validation of the published methodologies.