Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6631389 | Fuel | 2018 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
Sargassum tenerrimum has been used for the production of bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction in water sub-critical conditions at a temperature range of 260-300â¯Â°C for reaction time 15â¯min. Maximum bio-oil (16.3â¯wt%) was obtained at 280â¯Â°C and maximum conversion was observed (75.8â¯wt%) at 300â¯Â°C. The solid residue yields decreased continuously from 61.2â¯wt% to 24.2â¯wt% as the temperature increased from 260 to 300â¯Â°C. The liquid products obtained upon hydrothermal liquefaction were characterized with the help of 1H NMR, GC-MS and FT-IR techniques and bio-residue using FT-IR and XRD. Analysis of bio-oil showed that their components and functional structure of bio-oils were greatly distinguished and consisted of many compounds including phenols, ketones, aldehydes, acid, esters, alcohols, nitrogen-containing compounds, and hydrocarbons. From the GC-MS analysis it has been seen that, organic acid content in the bio-oils were decreased with the increasing temperature from 260 to 300â¯Â°C. The band at 1083â¯cmâ1 only appeared in the absorption profile of S. tenerrimum feed, which could be C-O connected with hydroxyl groups and were dehydrated after liquefaction. All the bio-oils showed higher percentages of aliphatic protons in the spectral region from 0.5 to 3.0â¯ppm. The analysis of bio-residue obtained at various temperatures showed typical amorphous nature that indicated richness of carbon content in the residue.
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Physical Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering (General)
Authors
Bijoy Biswas, Alisha C. Fernandes, Jitendra Kumar, Usha D. Muraleedharan, Thallada Bhaskar,