Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6636245 | Fuel | 2015 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
This study was aimed at the continuous production of high quality biodiesel fuel, which fully satisfies international specifications, from waste acid oil with free fatty acids (FFA) content of >95Â wt%. First, the effect of water on the esterification of FFA with the cation-exchange resin catalyst was discussed. Then, a simple method for pretreating the resin without drying, only supplying alcohol of 1.5Â cm3/g (wet resin), was proposed. Second, the operating conditions for the continuous esterification of FFA to biodiesel were established. The complete conversion of FFA was achieved at the mole ratio of alcohol:fatty acid residue of 2:1 and sufficient residence time. Subsequent processing with an anion-exchange resin catalyst for the transesterification of triglycerides in the oil was necessary to produce high quality biodiesel. The biodiesel productivity with acid oil was about 8.5 times higher than that with triglyceride-rich oil. This process demonstrated a commercially feasible route to high quality biodiesel.
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering (General)
Authors
Naomi Shibasaki-Kitakawa, Kousuke Hiromori, Toru Ihara, Kazunori Nakashima, Toshikuni Yonemoto,