Spray and combustion characteristics of gasoline and diesel in a direct injection compression ignition engine

► Spray and combustion characteristics were investigated for gasoline and diesel. ► Similar liquid penetration length between two fuels under non-evaporating condition. ► Shorter liquid length and narrower spray angle for gasoline at evaporating condition. ► Premixed-dominant combustion with blue chemiluminescence for gasoline. ► Diffusion-dominant combustion with highly luminous soot incandescence for diesel.