Effects of the injection timing on spray and combustion characteristics in a spray-guided DISI engine under lean-stratified operation

- We tested spray-guided direct injection single cylinder gasoline engine under lean stratified operation condition.
- We investigated flame and spray characteristics using visualization techniques.
- Over-mixing and under-mixing effects were shown at advanced and retarded injection timings respectively.
- Non-luminous flame was dominant for advanced injection timing while luminous flame increased as injection timing retarded.
- IMEP and NOx emission was verified that significantly affected by combustion phasing corresponding injection timing.