Conversion of rice straw into valuable products by hydrothermal treatment and steam gasification

► The two-stage processing was performed to obtain valuable products from rice straw. ► The first stage is hydrothermal treatment and the second is steam gasification. ► We could obtain 4.5 wt.% (C basis) of monosaccharides in the first stage. ► Simultaneously, acids, furfural, and other water-soluble products were also formed. ► The residue yielded 60 mmol/g of hydrogen by loading nickel in the second stage.