Zeolitic imidazolate framework membranes for gas separation: A review of synthesis methods and gas separation performance

Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-based membranes are emerging materials that are highly attractive for gas separation and purification. Highly reproducible defect-free ZIF membranes with well-defined pore structures can be formed in a number of ways. The performance of ZIF membranes depends largely on the preparation technique, application type, and operating conditions. Here, we review the methods of ZIF membrane preparation and discuss their performance in separating condensable and incondensable gases. In addition, recent developments in membrane synthesis and ways to improve the gas separation performance of ZIF membranes are discussed to promote industrial application and commercialization of ZIF membranes.