A study on the thermal performance of exterior walls covered with a recently patented silica-aerogel-based insulating coating

This study aims at examining the energy behaviour of the buildings' multi-layer exterior wall structures. Most of the studies dealing with this issue have considered a continuous operation of the cooling/heating systems. Our objective here is to find the best wall structure and the number and position of insulation layers within exterior walls for continuous heating, intermittent heating, and no heating operation modes for some commonly used construction materials. Furthermore, among the different materials used, a recently patented insulating coating based on the (super)-insulating materials “Silica Aerogels” is being assessed. Results from a one-dimensional heat transfer numerical model in a multi-layer wall structure are compared to on-site measurements of an experimental set-up, having the new aerogel-based coating, under real weather conditions. The numerical model is then used to carry out all the simulations. Several assessment parameters are used: time lag, decrement factor, energy consumption, and thermal comfort index. Results show that for continuous and no heating cases, the best wall from maximum time lag and minimum decrement factor perspective is dividing the insulation layer into two and placing one at the middle of the wall and one at the exterior surface. For intermittently heated spaces, placing the insulation material as one layer at the interior wall surface is the most efficient from an energy consumption perspective. Also, when using the thermal comfort index for the no heating operation mode, the best performance is achieved when placing the insulation at the interior wall surface. For most of the cases studied, the aerogel-based insulating coating shows better performance than other insulating materials.