Lattice Boltzmann method simulation of a cylinder in the backward-facing step flow with the field synergy principle

In this paper, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is applied to simulate incompressible steady low Reynolds number backward-facing step flows. The investigated Reynolds number range is limited to a maximum value of Re=200. The field synergy principle is applied to demonstrate that the increased interruption within the fluid caused by the introduction of the cylinder will reduce the intersection angle between the velocity vector and the temperature gradient. Furthermore, the numerical results compare with the experiment data and confirm the relationship between the velocity vector and temperature gradient predicted by the field synergy principle.