Advances in fabricating spherical alginate hydrogels with controlled particle designs by ionotropic gelation as encapsulation systems

- Alginate hydrogel has emerged as a popular encapsulation system.
- Various alginate particle designs were discussed.
- Methods used to disperse alginate droplets were systematically categorized.
- Five major types of gelation mechanisms were overviewed.
- Considerations in designing alginate hydrogels were discussed.