Dynamic life cycle assessment integrating value choice and temporal factors-A case study of an elementary school

Lack of spatial and temporal flexibility is a well-known limitation of current life cycle assessment (LCA). Exclusion of human and time consideration in LCA can also limit the potential of results. The purpose of this paper is to provide a dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) framework that includes temporal and users' value choice factors. The paper also proposed a revised model to produce more specific calculations. A case study of an elementary school is used to illustrate the importance of the method and demonstrate the differences between conventional static LCA and dynamic LCA. The results showed a noticeable difference and illustrated some unique environmental impact trends by integrating value choice and human factors in the LCA model. The findings suggest that changes during a building's lifetime can influence the analysis results to a greater degree, and that long-term indicators and short-term indicators have different impacts on results. Therefore, adapting a dynamic framework will increase the practicality and applicability of LCA in decision-making and policymaking.