Mechanical properties of headed studs at low temperatures in Arctic infrastructure

The increasing engineering applications of steel-concrete composite structures in the Arctic or other cold regions have brought challenges for the mechanical properties of headed studs at low temperatures. This study experimentally investigated the mechanical properties of headed studs used in steel-concrete composite structures at low temperatures. A total of 56 tensile tests were performed on headed studs at low temperatures ranging from −80 °C to +20 °C. The mechanical properties of headed studs at low temperatures were reported, analysed, and discussed, including their strain-stress behaviour; yield and ultimate strengths; and yield, ultimate, and fracture strains. Based on the experimental results, regression analyses were also carried out to develop empirical prediction equations for the yield and ultimate strengths of headed studs at low temperatures from 20 °C to −80 °C. Finally, empirical prediction equations were proposed, and their accuracy was validated through a comparison with the predictions of experimental results.