Studied enhancement strategies for phytoestrogens production in shake flasks by suspension culture of Psoralea corylifolia

This study proposed secondary metabolites incremental yield due to manipulation of nutrient components into the culture medium. To validate this, the effects of nutrients such as carbon, phosphate and nitrogen on growth and production of phytoestrogens daidzein and genistein by suspension cultures of Psoralea corylifolia was investigated for the first time. The maximum production of daidzein and genistein was achieved when sucrose and maltose used as a sole source of carbon. Suspension cell cultures enriched with sucrose (3%) stimulated accumulation of isoflavones daidzein (1.76% dry wt) and genistein (0.25% dry wt) compared to glucose, fructose and maltose. Sucrose feeding strategy significantly stimulated biomass growth and isoflavones (2.79% dry wt of daidzein and 0.32% dry wt of genistein) production rate. Reduced concentrations of phosphate (0.625 mM) promoted daidzein (1.89% dry wt) and genistein (0.26% dry wt) production by suspension cell cultures, whereas high amount (5 mM) in medium was inhibited isoflavones production. It was observed that medium fortified with NH4+ and NO3- alone inhibited production of isoflavones. The maximum production obtained of daidzein (2.20% dry wt) and genistein (0.29% dry wt) when medium comprised with NH4+/NO3- at ratio 20:40 mM as a nitrogen source. Similar nutrient components ratio when altered NH4+/NO3-; 40:20 mM) resulted in ∼3-fold decrease in production. HPLC analysis revealed that suspension cells cultures leached out trace amount of daidzein and genistein into the culture medium.