Growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phytophthora capsici by native Mexican Trichoderma strains

An integrated evaluation to determine the potential of Trichoderma against two important phytopathogens is described in the present research. Phytophthora capsici and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were the phytopathogens used in the assay to evaluate the inhibition potential by Trichoderma. Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma longibranchiatum, Trichoderma yunnanense, Trichoderma asperellum (T2-10 and T2-31) and Trichoderma sp. were evaluated. The Trichoderma strains showed a percentage of inhibition on P. capsici and C. gloeosporioides up to 22.5%. P. capsici was mycoparasitized by all Trichoderma strains evaluated and also C. gloeosporioides, except when it was evaluated against T. longibranchiatum. When there was a mycoparasitism, it was 100% over phytopathogen biomass. The production of cellulases and chitinases using sugarcane bagasse and chitin from shrimp shell as unique carbon source were evaluated. The best production of endoglucanase was showed by T. harzianum (40.8 U/g), exoglucanase by Trichoderma sp. and T. harzianum (2.9 and 2.5 U/g, respectively), by last the best value of chitinases was 22.1, 20.5 and 20.1 U/g showed by T. asperellum (T2-31), T. longibranchiatum and Trichoderma sp., respectively. All Trichoderma strains evaluated showed to be an excellent potential agent to be used as control pest against C. gloeosporioides and P. capsici.