Modeling and Optimization Problems and Challenges Arising in Nonferrous Metallurgical Processes

Challenges in current development of nonferrous metallurgical industry include resource shortage, energy crisis and environmental pollution. The modeling and optimization are key techniques extensively used to save energy, reduce consumption and emissions in the nonferrous metallurgical processes. In this paper, firstly, the modeling problem for nonferrous metallurgical processes is considered. Based on the characteristics of the nonferrous metallurgical processes, several methods and theories for the modeling of nonferrous metallurgical processes, including the mechanism-based, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)-based, and intelligent integrated modeling methods, are investigated. We focus on the description method in intelligent integrated modeling and its integration structures, and give some types of intelligent integrated models in various industrial applications. Secondly, the engineering optimization problem arising in nonferrous metallurgical processes is considered. Some engineering optimization methods, including operational-pattern optimization, satisfactory optimization with soft constraints adjustment, multi-objective intelligent optimization methods, and a comprehensive optimal control technique for a large-scale zinc electrolysis process are illustrated. In the end, some new challenges in process modeling and optimization are discussed.