Removal of 1,4-dioxane from industrial wastewaters: Routes of decomposition under different operational conditions to determine the ozone oxidation capacity

- Wastewaters containing 1,4-dioxane were successfully degraded by ozone.
- Ozonation alone has been formerly considered insufficient for such effluents.
- The key for the 1,4-dioxane removal by ozone was to maintain the pH above 9.
- FTIR spectroscopy was applied as a powerful tool to monitor the intermediate species.
- Decomposition of 1,4-dioxane was shown to follow different routes at different pH.