Fabrication and characterization of low-temperature SOFC stack based on GDC electrolyte membrane

► This paper presented a novel anode-supported cone-shaped tubular SOFC and segmented-in-series (SIS) SOFC stack based on GDC membrane. ► The single cell, NiO-GDC/GDC (15 μm)/BSCF-GDC, shows an OCV of 0.90 V at 400 °C and exhibits MPD of 429 mW cm−2 at 600 °C, using moist hydrogen as fuel and ambient air as oxidant. ► A two-cell-stack presents an OCV of about 1.86 V at 400 °C and an output power of 0.55 W (at 0.4 A and 1.4 V) at 550 °C which is highly promising for low temperature SOFC of portable applications.