Optimized restoration of combined ac/dc shipboard power systems including distributed generation and islanding techniques

Reconfiguration involves changing the status (OFF/ON) of switches, and reconfiguration for restoration involves changing the switch status to maximize the supply to loads that are left unsupplied after fault removal. Shipboard Power Systems (SPS) need automated reconfiguration for restoration schemes to restore vital loads quickly and efficiently in order to improve fight-through and survivability capabilities. The restoration in this paper is achieved using optimization with multiple objectives—maximizing the restored load and giving priority to vital loads. A restoration scheme for SPS with an integrated power system (IPS) and distributed generation (DG) involving islanding has been developed. This formulation includes a hybrid power system that has both ac and dc parts. The restoration formulation in this paper also considers the unbalanced nature of SPS operation with mutual coupling.