Effect of turbulence model and inlet boundary condition on the Diesel spray behavior simulated by an Eulerian Spray Atomization (ESA) model

Simulating liquid spray first and second atomization is not an easy task. Many models have been developed over the past years, but Eulerian ones have proved their better performance for the dense zone of the spray. In this work a new compressible Eulerian model is used to compute the internal flow together with the spray. Up to five two-equation turbulence models have been tested and its influence is remarkable in terms of spray behavior, but also greatly affects the mass flow rate and the momentum flux. At the end, SST k-ω model proves to be best than the others. Additionally, different types of inlet boundary conditions have been also tested and analyzed. Results when compared with previously obtained experimental data show that the commonly used for external flow time-varying velocity boundary condition gives also good performance for the internal flow.