Rheological measurements for prediction of pumping and squeezing pressures of toothpaste

Vane-cup geometry is used to measure start-up curves from the state of rest which are more representative of tube squeezing during usage. A tube extrusion apparatus is used to quantify squeezability in terms of the force required to pull the tube through two rollers while squeezing toothpaste out of their tubes. Thus measured force correlates with the squeezing pressure calculated using the flow curves measured from the rest.