The influence of different chemical compositions in biomass on gasification tar formation

To elucidate the relationship between biomass composition and tar formation, forest residue sawdust, rich in lignin, and agriculture waste cornstalks, rich in cellulose, were gasified in a spout-fluidized bed reactor from 700 °C to 900 °C. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) coupled with a photodiode array detector (PDA) and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the tar character. The GPC results showed that the molecular mass distribution of the gasified tars were unchanged, only the amount of each component changed when the temperature increased during gasification. The amount of heaviest molecular mass components decreased, while the lighter components increased with temperature. Sawdust tar and cornstalks tar both showed aromatic character, while cornstalks tar contained more aliphatic compounds than sawdust tar. The tar formation mechanism has been proposed from the experimental data analysis.