Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
7065834 | Bioresource Technology | 2018 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
This work introduces the process of Frictional Torrefaction and comes as a continuation to the previous work done on Frictional Pyrolysis, which is a novel method of pyrolysis that does not utilize heat but only friction and pressure. Both processes (i.e. Frictional Torrefaction and Frictional Pyrolysis) take place in a Rotary Compression Unit without and with a reflux condenser respectively. Rotating augers are used for the development of friction and the simultaneous increase of pressure. The following types of analysis were performed: TGA, BET, CHNS and HHV. Both products have similar heating values, around 21â¯MJ/kg. The elemental compositions are comparable but lower hydrogen content (3.5%) was measured for Frictional Torrefaction. BET analysis showed differences on the surface areas and porous sizes of the materials. Frictional Torrefaction has higher fixed carbon (31.23% vs 28.31%), higher surface area (58.16â¯m2/g vs 36.88â¯m2/g) and higher absorbance (35â¯cm3/g vs 26â¯cm3/g).
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Process Chemistry and Technology
Authors
Stergios Vakalis, Robert Heimann, Junaid Ahmad, Francesco Patuzzi, Marco Baratieri,