Biodiesel production from crude Jatropha oil catalyzed by non-commercial immobilized heterologous Rhizopus oryzae and Carica papaya lipases

For all biocatalysts, 51-65% FAME (theoretical maximum = 67%, w/w) was obtained after 4 h transesterification. Stability tests were performed in 8 or 10 successive 4 h-batches, either with or without rehydration of the biocatalyst between each two consecutive batches. Activity loss was much faster when biocatalysts were rehydrated. For rROL, half-life times varied from 16 to 579 h. rROL on Lewatit VPOC 1600 was more stable than for rCPL on the same support.