Sensitivity of transverse shift inside a double-grating Talbot interferometer

We study the Talbot interferometry with an additional mask grating located behind the diffraction grating. The self-imaging so-called, Talbot carpet, can be very sensitive to an external perturbation. We here show the measurement and the optimization of sensitivity of transverse shift of one of the two gratings inside Talbot interferometer as a function of grating constant and opening fraction of the grating itself. The results show that the sensitivity of the transverse shift is increased dramatically at smaller grating constants while no effect for different opening fractions. A sensor of our simple scheme can be suggested as an excellent inertial sensing applications such as displacement sensor, spectrometer, and vibration sensor.