Low-speed-camera-array-based high-speed three-dimensional deformation measurement method: Principle, validation, and application

High-resolution imaging devices are of interest in the development of accurate 3D vision systems. However, it is challenging to achieve a balance between the image capturing speed and resolution. The image capturing speed is relatively low for high-resolution imaging devices, which restricts their applications in high-speed 3D measurements. Therefore, a low-speed-camera-array imaging method for high-speed 3D deformation measurements is proposed. Compared with existing methods using high-speed imaging devices, it has the advantages of low cost and high flexibility achieved by combining low-speed cameras into a stereo camera array high-speed imaging system. In order to achieve accurate 3D measurements, a bundle-adjustment-principle-based system calibration method is proposed. Four experiments, including an accuracy experiment, repeatability experiment, vibration measurement of a plastic board, and out-of-plane displacement measurement of rotating blades, demonstrated the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.