Study of the effect of adverse external conditions on electric vehicles control: adaptive energy management as a solution

Hybrid electric vehicles undergo an intensive research these days. One of these research lines is the energy management between the power sources for hybrid electric vehicle. This issue is crucial for an efficient and long lasting life for the power systems involved. The most usual way to test energy managements through simulation is to use normalized driving cycles. These driving cycles can be urban, sub-urban or highway cycles. However, none of them consider the effect of unexpected situations, such as traffic holdups. This paper presents the effect of these unexpected situations on an electric and hybrid electric vehicle energy management.