Non-linear axisymmetric response of functionally graded shallow spherical shells under uniform external pressure including temperature effects

► This research uses an analytical approach to investigate the non-linear axisymmetrical response of clamped FGM shallow spherical shells. ► Formulations are based on the classical thin shell theory, established for case of general unsymmetrical deformation and then specialized for the case of shell under axisymmetrical deformation. ► Equation of steady state heat conduction is established in spherical coordinate system and its solution is found. ► Explicit expressions of critical pressures and load-deflection curves are obtained. ► The paper analyzes in detail the effects of material and geometrical parameters, boundary restraint and temperature conditions, and imperfection on the nonlinear response of FGM spherical shells.