Control of Patient Response to Anesthesia using ℒ 1 Adaptive Methods

In this paper, we discuss the use of recently developed ℒ1-adaptive control methods for closed-loop control of anesthesia delivery during surgery. Our main objectives are the design of feedback controllers ensuring that the patient's Bispectral Index profile tracks a prespecified reference trajectory whilst maintaining adherence of vital signs within safe ranges, and demonstrating robustness to inter-patient variability. The controllers are designed from identification-based models constructed from clinical trial data. Simulation results are provided demonstrating the effectiveness of the control methods.