PDMS substrate stiffness affects the morphology and growth profiles of cancerous prostate and melanoma cells

A deep understanding of the interaction between cancerous cells and surfaces is particularly important for the design of lab-on-chip devices involving the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In our studies, the effect of PDMS substrate stiffness on mechanical properties of cancerous cells was investigated in conditions where the PDMS substrate is not covered with any of extracellular matrix proteins. Two human prostate cancer (Du145 and PC-3) and two melanoma (WM115 and WM266-4) cell lines were cultured on two groups of PDMS substrates that were characterized by distinct stiffness, i.e. 0.75±0.06 MPa and 2.92±0.12 MPa. The results showed the strong effect on cellular behavior and morphology. The detailed analysis of chemical and physical properties of substrates revealed that cellular behavior occurs only due to substrate elasticity.