Effect of drains coverings on environment by using value engineering

Drains coverings (DC) are used to pass the small discharge to function as bridge. There are two types for coverings, pipe or box type. The main problems which lead to a perceived need to cover a drain are: to minimize the adverse impact of a polluted drain, especially close to residential areas, need to use the land area occupied by the drain for an access road or some other use, poor soil stability leading to bank failure, and to protect them from pollution. DC has many effects on the environment. The main objective of this study is using value engineering (VE) to explain the effects of DC on the environment. Life cycle cost (LCC) methodology is used also to compare between two alternatives for drains. These alternatives are (i) surface drains, (ii) drains coverings. Results show that the best alternative for the environment is drains coverings.