An amperometric immunosensor for diagnosis of celiac disease based on covalent immobilization of open conformation tissue transglutaminase for determination of anti-tTG antibodies in human serum

The immunosensor showed good analytical performance with limit of detection levels (1.7 AU mL−1 for IgA and 2.7 AU mL−1 for IgG) below the diagnostic threshold value (3.0 AU mL−1) and inter-sensor reproducibility giving RSD lower than 10%. The developed sensor was validated in serum samples from pediatric patients for clinical applications, using two ELISA kits specific for the determination of anti-tTG IgA and IgG antibodies as reference methods; good recovery rates ranging from 74% to 117% were calculated.