Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
7236853 | Journal of Biomechanics | 2018 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
We aimed to elucidate the increased inflammatory cytokines expression such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB/p65), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) in the area of activated myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in a rat model by blunt trauma to the vastus medialis and to evaluate the feasibility of a quantitative analysis of muscle elastic modulus using shear wave elastography (SWE). Twelve 7-week-old male SD rats were divided into normal (NM, nâ¯=â¯6) and model groups (MO, nâ¯=â¯6). In the MO group, MTrPs were activated with a blunt strike to the left vastus medialis and subsequent eccentric exercise for 8â¯weeks. After 4â¯weeks of rest, the elastic modulus in the focal site was evaluated using SWE. Electromyography (EMG) data were collected at MTrPs and muscle tissues were evaluated for expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB/p65), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein, and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). The number of the palpable taut bands; EMG frequency and amplitude; elastic modulus values; and NFkB/p65, COX-2, and VGCC expression levels were significantly higher for the left focal area in the MO group compared to those for the NM group (p'sâ¯<â¯0.05). These findings suggest that elastic modulus measurement using ultrasound SWE may be effective in evaluating MPS. In addition, increased COX-2, NFkB/p65, and VGCC expression may expand the integrated hypothesis of trigger points.
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Authors
Hengyong Lv, Zhen Li, Tiantian Hu, Yuexiang Wang, Jinpeng Wu, Yingxin Li,