A multi-energy-level lattice Boltzmann model for Maxwell’s equations without sources

A lattice Boltzmann model for the Maxwell’s equations without sources is proposed by taking separate sets of distribution functions for the electric and magnetic fields and using the higher-order moment method. The higher-order moment method is based on the solution of a series of partial differential equations obtained by multi-energy-level techniques, multi-scale techniques, and Chapman–Enskog expansion, As numerical examples, some classical electromagnetic phenomena, such as the electric field and equipotential lines around an electrostatic dipole, the electric and magnetic fields around oscillating dipoles are given. These numerical results agree well with classical ones.

► We model the Maxwell's equations without sources. ► We use multi- nergy-level and multi- scale techniques. ► Separate sets of distribution functions methods are used. ► We simulate electric and magnetic fields around dipoles.