Investigations on machined metal surfaces through the stylus type and optical 3D instruments and their mathematical modeling with the help of statistical techniques

The measurement of roughness on machined metal surfaces is of considerable importance to manufacturing industries as the roughness of a surface has a significant influence on its quality and function of products. In this paper, an experimental approach for surface roughness measurement has been based on the comparison of roughness values taken from the stylus and optical type instruments on the machined metal surfaces (turning, grinding and milling) is presented.Following this experimental study, all measured surface roughness parameters have been analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS 15.0) statistically and mathematical models for the two most important and commonly used roughness parameters Ra and Rz have been developed so that Ra = Ra (F, P, C) and Rz = Rz (F, P, C, M), whereas F expresses feed, P periodicity, C contrast and M the type of material. The statistical results from numerous tests showed that there has been a correlation between the surface roughness and the properties of the surface topography and there have been slight differences among three measurement instruments on machined metal surfaces in this experimental study.