The effects of Dea:water ratio on the properties of ZnO nanofilms obtained by spin coating method

In this work, the ZnO were fabricated with the sol–gel spin coating method, and the effects of the Dea:water ratios on the properties of the as-prepared ZnO thin films were determined by using a X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer, and spectrophotometer. Experimental results indicated that the Dea:water ratio affected the structural and optical properties of the ZnO films considerably. The activation energy for the particle growth of ZnO nanofilms and the effects of the Dea:water ratios on the band gap values of the ZnO films were investigated. The film has an activation energy of 26.3 kJ/mol, and optical band gap of 3.27–3.31 eV is proportional to the Dea:water ratio.