Multivariate permutation entropy and its application for complexity analysis of chaotic systems

To measure the complexity of multivariate systems, the multivariate permutation entropy (MvPE) algorithm is proposed. It is employed to measure complexity of multivariate system in the phase space. As an application, MvPE is applied to analyze the complexity of chaotic systems, including hyperchaotic Hénon map, fractional-order simplified Lorenz system and financial chaotic system. Results show that MvPE algorithm is effective for analyzing the complexity of the multivariate systems. It also shows that fractional-order system does not become more complex with derivative order varying. Compared with PE, MvPE has better robustness for noise and sampling interval, and the results are not affected by different normalization methods.