Development of a piezoelectric polymer film sensor for plantar normal and shear stress measurements

We have developed a new sensor prototype for plantar pressure measurements during gait. The mechanical stress at the plantar surface has two components, pressure acting normal to the surface and shear stress acting tangential to the surface. The shear stress can be further divided into anterior–posterior (AP) and medial–lateral (ML) components. The developed sensor simultaneously measures both normal and shear stresses. It utilizes commercial polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) material and consists of four separate sensor elements. This paper presents the sensor development and calibration for each force components. A shaker providing dynamic excitation force was used in the calibration. Average sensitivities computed from the results were (12.6 ± 0.8) mV/N for the normal force, (223.9 ± 20.3) mV/N for the AP shear force and (55.2 ± 11.9) mV/N for the ML shear force. A preliminary plantar pressure measurement was also done. The results obtained were promising. However, the sensor developed here is the first prototype. In future, a matrix sensor based on this principle is planned to be constructed.